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Usually every kind of waste water should be cleaned before it is discharged to sewage system or recipient as it is necessary to keep our environment healthy. The treatment is done using technology called Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP).

There are generally two kinds of WWTPs:

  • Municipal or biological
  • Chemical

 

The municipal WWTP uses natural processes, which run in the nature, although these processes are optimized to run at the maximum reasonable speed. Municipal WWTPs have usually big volumes of tanks, but the operational costs are quite low. To predict if there is at least theoretical chance to uses biological WWTP for waste water, the value of BOD should be known. If there is low BOD, the biological treatment  works tricky or even works not.

 

Classical kinds of waste water suitable for biological treatment is sewage water or water from food processing.

 

Chemical WWTPs uses chemical and physical processes that lead to separation of the pollutants in a concentrated form, which is then separated and discharged as a waste. Typically waste sludge. The advantage is in decreasing of amount of waste material, thus costs saving. 

Unit methods

  • Precipitation
  • Coagulation
  • Filtration
  • Oxidation
  • Membrane technology
  • Settling - clarifying
  • Adsorption